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    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:AT510136A1
    申请号:T0118010
    申请日:2010-07-12
    公开日:2012-01-15
    发明作者:Hado Dipl Ing Dr Heckmann；Josef Dipl Ing Stockinger
    申请人:Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    «« * * * «Ι * f« * «< l · ♦ * * * «*« * * * ·· «··« * »· * *» »I I» · * · ·· * < »2010P13729AT 1
    Description Name of the invention
    Process for producing carbon particle-containing pellets. Field of technology
    The invention relates to a process for the production of pellets containing pellets, the pellets obtained thereby and the use of the pellets in processes for producing pig iron in a fixed bed or in processes for the preparation of carbon carriers for processes for producing pig iron in a fixed bed.
    State of the art
    In processes for pig iron production in a fixed bed, for example in melter gasifiers, or in processes for the production of carbon carriers for processes for pig iron production in a fixed bed, for example coke production for blast furnaces, containing carbon particles containing pellets, such as briquettes, after the discharge from the press have a certain Have fall and crush resistance. The drop resistance is required so that the original size of the compacts in the course of charging in a process without prejudice to inevitable falls, for example when transferring from one to another conveyor belt or when charging in a material bunker, as much as possible. Compressive strength is required to maintain the original size of the compacts after being charged into a material bunker or fixed bed reactor, despite pressure exerted by superposed layers of material.
    These strength requirements are also summarized under the term cold strength.
    In addition to the cold workability, the hot strength of compacts - especially when used in thermal processes - is a criterion for their suitability for use. In the particular case of using fine particles containing carbon particles in pig iron production processes, such as in a melter gasifier or blast furnace, the term hot strength refers to a) the strength of the semi-coke or coke particles remaining after pyrolysis of the pellets in a high-temperature zone, and (b) the strength of these semi-coke or coke particles after chemical attack by a chemical attack. · T ·························································································································································································································· A minimum level of hot strength allows the size of these particles, which is present after the conversion of the compacts by pyrolysis in semicoke or coke particles, to be largely retained.
    In processes for producing pig iron in a fixed bed, the development of undersize particles or coke particles prior to charging in a fixed bed or within a fixed bed is undesirable, because this deteriorates the permeability of the fixed bed. In the particular case of a process for the production of pig iron this concerns both the gas permeability and the drainage behavior of the fixed bed with respect to the molten pig iron and the slag. If the permeability of the fixed bed deteriorates, adverse effects on its productivity, its specific energy requirement and its product quality are to be expected.
    From WO 02 / 50219A1 it is known to produce compacts with sufficient cold strength from fine-grained carbon particles by means of a binder system of quicklime and molasses. Here, fine-grained coal particles of fine coal and quicklime are mixed, the mixture for the purpose of progressing the quenching reaction with moisture from the coal particles rest, then added molasses, kneaded the resulting mixture and finally pressed from her pellets.
    There are coals which show an extraordinarily high water absorption capacity, in particular characterized by a high inherent moisture content. For use in pig iron production, however, the moisture content of the compacts should not be too high, ie at a maximum of 7% by weight. This is because this moisture is energetically stressful when using the pellets for pig iron production or for the production of carbon carriers for processes for pig iron production, since the moisture content of the pellets significantly increases the specific consumption of carbon carriers. Therefore, coals whose moisture is higher must be dried before processing into compacts. In addition to the unwetted pore volume already present in the undried coal, the expulsion of water from cavities during drying produces additional pore volume. The unwetted pore volume can absorb a corresponding amount of water or aqueous media. Of course, the additional pore volume can again absorb water or aqueous medium. Moreover, certain coals also tend to generate additional pore volume due to grain damage, especially during intensive drying. When a coal with a high water absorption capacity is dried to an acceptable moisture content before the use of the process for the production of compacts described in WO 02/50219 A1, a large additional pore volume is generated. Therefore, a dried carbon particle sucks a significant portion of the molasses needed to form a bond on the particle surface, which is to be understood as an aqueous solution, into its pores. Therefore, for such coals with commonly used molasses additions of 10 weight percent, based on the weight of the coal to be processed, sufficient strength for the compacts can not be achieved. Nevertheless, in order to be able to produce compacts with sufficient strength on the basis of molasses binders, it is necessary to omit the generation of unwetted pore volume by drying or to add more molasses than is absorbed by the pore volume and therefore not to bind to the Surface of the carbon particles is available.
    However, these measures are undesirable for reasons of process economy.
    Even with naturally less moist coals, which do not have to be dried to achieve a moisture content of the compacts of at most 7% by weight, some of the molasses is absorbed into the pores of the carbon particles. Molasses, however, contains components which catalyze a reaction of carbon with hot, CO 2 -containing gases, whereby, especially in the hot zones, a fixed bed serving to produce pig iron at temperatures > 800-1000 ° C, depending on the pressure, the extent of conversion of solid carbon with CO 2 increases according to Boudouard reaction. As a result, the hot strength of molasses-treated compacts is relieved by pyrolysis-derived, semi-coke or coke particles.
    The use of bitumen as a binder proposed in WO9901583A1 does not pose such problems associated with molasses. However, the production of pellets with bitumen is associated with very high binder costs.
    The use of an aqueous bitumen emulsion as a binder system proposed in AT005765U1 reduces bitumen consumption by more than 50%. In practice, however, it has been shown that the carbons have humidities significantly above (ΜΙ Μ * I a
    a | 5% by weight in order to produce stable compacts when using such bitumen emulsions. There is also the problem that pores present in the carbon particles can absorb aqueous bitumen emulsion or deprive the emulsion of water and thus destabilize it due to droplet coalescence, before a substantially uniform distribution of the emulsion within the material to be processed into compacts and, correspondingly, uniform wetting the particle surface can be made through the emulsion. This reduces the effectiveness of the emulsion as a binder.
    Summary of the invention
    Technical task
    The object of the present invention is to provide a process for the production of compacts, in which these disadvantages of the prior art are overcome, and compacts with sufficient green and hot strength even with the use of carbon particles, which must be pre-dried, using a known Lesser amount of a water-containing binder system can be produced.
    Technical solution
    This object is achieved by a method for producing a compact containing carbon particles, in which the carbon particles are mixed with a water-containing binder system and the resulting mixture is further processed by pressing into compacts, characterized in that prior to mixing with the water-containing binder system a Subset of the carbon particles is subjected to an impregnation step in which it is impregnated with a substance.
    Advantageous effect of the invention
    During the impregnation, the substance either penetrates into the pores of the carbon particles and accordingly prevents the penetration of components of the aqueous binder system by filling in the pore space. Or the substance settles in the
    2010P13729AT • * »ι ι» • »* I» ···
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    »· T * · III 5
    Exit points of the pores on the carbon particle surface, also called pore necks, and prevents by this clogging of the pore necks penetration of components of the aqueous binder system in the pores.
    In this way it is prevented that aqueous binder system, which is needed on the coal particle surface for binding purposes, can no longer fulfill these binding purposes after penetration into the pores. Accordingly, as compared with a method in which aqueous binder system can penetrate the pores, the amount of aqueous binder system required is reduced.
    The aqueous binder system may contain one or more other components besides water.
    The impregnation step can consist of steaming the carbon particles with the substance, spraying the carbon particles with the substance, mixing the substance into a moving bed of carbon particles, or mixing the substance into a fluidized bed of the carbon particles.
    The subset of the carbon particles subjected to an impregnation step prior to mixing with the water-containing binder system and the carbon particles not subjected to an impregnation step can be the same material in terms of carbon grade and average particle size.
    Alternatively, the subset of the carbon particles subjected to an impregnation step prior to mixing with the water-containing binder system may be the same type of coal as the carbon particles not subjected to an impregnation step, but having a different average particle size than the carbon particles. which are not subjected to an impregnation step.
    Alternatively, the subset of the carbon particles subjected to an impregnation step prior to mixing with the water-containing binder system may be a different carbon species than the carbon particles that are not subjected to an impregnation step. In this case, the partial amount of the carbon particles to be impregnated and the carbon particles not to be impregnated may have the same or different average particle size. * * · t · • • • • • • f f f f f f f f f f f f f
    2010P13729AT 6
    If subsets of the carbon particles from which compacts are to be produced differ in that they belong to different types of coal, and from the different types of coal compacts with different values for cold resistance or hot strength would arise, it is advantageous to impregnate the subset, the compacts with less favorable values for cold strength or hot strength.
    If the coal particles from which compacts are to be made belong to a single type of coal, but differ in that they have different average particle sizes, it may be advantageous to impregnate a subset which has the largest possible average particle size. In this way, with a given amount of impregnant, since the specific surface area for larger average particle size coal particles is less than that for smaller average particle size carbon particles, a greater portion of mass of the carbon particles to be pelletized may be impregnated than if smaller average carbon particles are impregnated particle size.
    However, if the coal particles from which compacts are to be made belong to a single type of coal, but differ in that they have different average particle sizes, it may also be advantageous to impregnate a subset which has the smallest possible average particle size. Since the specific surface area for larger average particle size coal particles is less than for smaller average particle size coal particles, more surface area is impregnated at a given portion of mass to be impregnated than when using a larger average particle size portion. This has the advantage that, for example, reactions with hot CO.sub.2-containing gas which run off over the surface of the carbon particles are influenced to a greater extent by the impregnation, since more surface is impregnated.
    If a subset of the carbon particles from which compacts are to be produced has a negative influence on the cold strength of the compacts compared to compacts produced without this subset, it is advantageous to impregnate this subset. In this way, their negative influence on the properties of the compacts can be reduced. h * »» «· · · ·· 2010P13729AT 'Ύ
    After the impregnation step according to the invention of a partial amount of the carbon particles has been carried out, the impregnated partial amount of the carbon particles is combined with the unimpregnated carbon particles, and the combined carbon particles are further processed into compacts.
    The combination of the impregnated subset of the carbon particles with the unimpregnated carbon particles can be carried out in a unification step in which only one combination and optionally a mixture takes place. In this case, the further steps for producing the compacts, especially the mixing with a water-containing binder system with the product of the union.
    The combination of the impregnated subset of the carbon particles with the unimpregnated carbon particles may also be accomplished during mixing with a waterborne binder system.
    According to one embodiment, the substance with which the subset of the carbon particles in the
    Impregnation step is impregnated, water.
    Then, in the impregnation step, water is sucked into the pores which, as a result, no longer tend to absorb components of the aqueous binder system supplied to the carbon particles after the impregnation step. As a result, in previous methods, components sucked into pores and thus rendered ineffective for binding the compacts can make a contribution to binding the compacts.
    By limiting the proportion of water-impregnated compacts in a feed mixture for a pig iron production process in combination with carbon carriers having a low moisture content than these compacts, the water input into the pig iron production process can be limited to an acceptable level.
    According to another embodiment, the substance with which the subset of the carbon particles is impregnated in the impregnation step is a water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance.
    If the pores are filled with such a substance in the impregnation step and the pore walls are coated with such substances, the tendency of the pores to absorb components of the aqueous binder system decreases. Will the
    • · 2010P13729AT • * * t 4 * * · · 8
    Exit points of the pores on the carbon particle surface of such substances closed, no components of the aqueous binder system can penetrate more into the pores. As a result, previously sucked into pores and thus ineffective for the binding of the compacts components can make a contribution to the binding of the compacts.
    The water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance preferably belongs to the group of substances consisting of waxes, organic coking or refinery products, as well as plastics or plastic waste. It can also be used oil. These substances are usually available in large quantities at low cost.
    The impregnation step is advantageously carried out at a temperature at which the water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance is liquid, in particular viscous. As viscous in this sense, liquids are considered whose viscosity is at least 1 Pas, and a maximum of 100 Pas, for example, 10 Pas. In these conditions, the substance spreads on the surface of the carbon particles and penetrates into the exit points of the pores but hardly into the interior of the pores. As a result, the consumption of the water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance in the impregnation step is kept low. Advantageously, the water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance solidifies on cooling in the exit points of the pores on the coal particle surface.
    According to another embodiment, the substance with which the subset of the carbon particles is impregnated in the impregnation step is an aqueous solution of a substance or a mixture of substances. For example, it is molasses, which is an aqueous solution of a mixture of carbohydrates and other natural products.
    In principle, solutes of all kinds, which improve the hot strength and cold strength of the compacts, can be used, for example starch or lignin bases from waste liquors of pulp production.
    It is preferable to use solutions of substances or mixtures of substances which are converted into water-insoluble substances by heat treatment and / or reaction with the carbon particles. This ensures that the effects caused by these substances or substance mixtures are not diminished by the fact that 9
    2010P13729AT they are dissolved in the water of the binder system containing water and flushed out of the pores.
    According to another embodiment, the substance with which the subset of the carbon particles is impregnated in the impregnation step is an aqueous suspension of solid colloids, the solid having water-repellent properties.
    Examples include suspensions of colloidal talc, graphite or waxes in water. If the solids settle in the pores or in the pore necks, the entry of water-containing binder systems is made more difficult due to the high surface tension of the water-repellent solids.
    According to a further embodiment, the substance with which the subset of the carbon particles is impregnated in the impregnation step, an emulsion containing on the one hand water and on the other hand carbonaceous substances such as bitumens, raw tars obtained from hard coal, pitches, waxes, oils.
    Upon penetration of such emulsions into the pores, the carbonaceous substances are deposited in thin layers on the pore surface. During pyrolysis, carbon films are formed from these thin layers. These reduce the reactivity of the compact to hot COz-containing gases compared to an embodiment in which no thin layers of the substances are deposited in the pores. This is because the carbon layers formed from the substances contain little or no catalytically active substances with respect to reaction with hot CO 2 -containing gases. In contrast, contain the carbon particles or the material to be processed into compacts, catalytically active compounds, such as iron or alkalis. Accordingly, the reactivity of a compact whose surface and pores are covered with a carbon layer resulting from the substances is lower than that of a compact without such a carbon layer.
    When coal particles are used, which require pre-drying before processing into compacts, it is advantageous for economic reasons not to advance the drying substantially below 5% by weight of moisture, ie to a maximum of 4% by weight of moisture. As a result, the formation of additional pore volume due to drying is limited and correspondingly less in the impregnation step
    2010P13729AT
    Substance taken up by pores. Accordingly, less substance is consumed in the impregnation step. In addition, less equipment and energy expense must be operated for drying.
    The lower limit of the amount of substance added in the impregnation step, called impregnating agent, is 0.3% by weight, preferably 0.5% by weight, more preferably 1% by weight, the upper limit is 5% by weight, preferably 3% by weight, particularly preferably 2% by weight. based on the weight of the part to be impregnated to be processed into compacts to be processed material, so to be impregnated subset of the carbon particles. Addition of more than 5% by weight of impregnating agent does not make economic sense. If less than 0.3% by weight of impregnating agent is added, impregnation is no longer effective
    According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the binder system contains molasses as well as quicklime or hydrated lime. It can also consist of these components.
    According to other embodiments, the binder system contains molasses in combination with strong inorganic acids, such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid.
    According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the binder system contains an emulsion of bitumen in water. It can also consist of such an emulsion.
    According to further embodiments, the binder system contains products from waste liquors of pulp production, starches, cellulose, beet pulp, waste paper pulp, groundwood, or long-chain polyelectrolytes such as carboxymethylcellulose.
    Since quicklime or hydrated lime binder systems have the disadvantage that quicklime CaO and hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 increase the reactivity of the pellets to hot CO ^ containing gases due to catalytic activity, have the • * 2010P13729AT ...... Ü
    Embodiments without lime or hydrated lime have the advantage of providing compacts with comparatively lower reactivity.
    According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention also iron-5 or iron oxide-containing particles are processed in a mixture with the carbon particles into pellets.
    According to a particular embodiment of the inventive method, the compacts are subjected to a heat treatment after the pressing. 10 The heat treatment is carried out at a temperature higher than the pressure. The heat treatment causes a drying and / or hardening of the compacts. The heat treatment can be carried out at temperatures of preferably 250 ° C and 350eC, where irreversible chemical processes can convert binder components. For example, water-soluble binder components can be converted to water-insoluble compounds.
    The compounds formed in such conversions can contribute to the strength of the compacts.
    In the case of a molasses-containing binder system, for example, a conversion of molasses by Karameilisierung. 20
    According to a particular aspect of the inventive method, at least the partial amount of the carbon particles which has been subjected to an impregnation step is subjected to a heat treatment after the impregnation step prior to mixing with the water-containing binder system. 25
    The heat treatment may be performed by separately subjecting the impregnated subset to the heat treatment and combining it with the unimpregnated carbon particles after the heat treatment, or combining the impregnated subset with the unimpregnated carbon particles prior to the heat treatment 30 of the carbon particles.
    The heat treatment causes a drying. In the event that solutions or emulsions are present in the pores, the heat treatment additionally causes a concentration of the solutions, suspensions or emulsions and, correspondingly, a coating of the pore walls with dissolved, suspended or emulsified components. These can, in addition to the water added after this, be added to the list (tf i · * 1 * »*.«. «« Ψ * 1 # · ♦ · f · i ***** · ** »2010P13729AT ...... 12
    Binder system, contribute to increased hot strength and cold strength of the compacts.
    Furthermore, the heat treatment can effect the conversion of the coating of the pore walls initially formed as a result of the heat treatment into water-insoluble compounds, or compounds which reduce the reactivity of the carbon particles with hot C02-containing gases. The maximum temperature of the heat treatment is limited by the pyrolysis of the carbon particles and is at 350 ° C. The lower limit for the temperature in this heat treatment is 150 ° C.
    If the same water-containing emulsion used for the impregnation is used as the water-containing binder system, the amount added in the impregnation step is less than the amount of water-containing binder system added during the subsequent mixing. For example, when using bitumen in water - emulsion in the impregnation step and as a binder system in the impregnation step, an addition of 2 -3% by weight, while added as a binder system later 7-10% by weight.
    The same applies if the same aqueous solution of a substance or a mixture of substances is used for the impregnation, as it is used as the water-containing binder system. For example, when using molasses in the impregnation step and as a binder system, an addition of 3 to 5% by weight takes place in the impregnation step, while 6 to 8% by weight are added later as the binder system. The limits of the specified ranges are included.
    In these cases, after the addition in the impregnation step, a heat treatment is necessary to remove the carrier liquid water so far that the emulsified substances or the dissolved substances settle in the pores or the pore necks. As a result, the pores are occupied or the pore necks are blocked. Overall, therefore, less water-containing binder system is required for the production of the compacts as in a production without impregnation step.
    After admixing with a water-containing binder system, the processing into compacts may be carried out by known methods, for example as described in WO 02 / 50219A1 or in AT005765U1, or by any of the
    i * * * * * «* * ^ * 2010P13729AT * '* * 13
    Processing of carbon particles with a water-containing binder system to pressings suitable processes are carried out.
    An addition according to the invention after the impregnation step of a subset of the carbon particles with a water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance adding water-containing binder systems in the production of compacts reduces the process costs compared to conventional methods such as according to W002 / 50219A1. The avoidance of carbon uptake during the manufacture of briquettes with binder systems containing water on the one hand reduces specific coal consumption
    Pig iron production processes in which the compacts or coke derived from them are used because less water from the binder system is present in the compact and correspondingly less energy has to be expended for its evaporation. On the other hand, occurring in conventional processes for the production of compacts due to the absorption of water from the binder system need for post-drying of the compacts when using the method can be omitted, or the drying effort can be reduced, resulting in an energy saving results. Accordingly, since the provision or operation of devices for post-drying can be dispensed with, or the dimensions of the devices and the cost of their operation can be reduced, this is equivalent to operating cost and investment cost reduction.
    As an additional advantageous effect of the impregnation step, depending on the nature of the substance used for impregnation, there may be a reduction in the CO 2 reactivity of the semi-coke or the coke obtained from pellets after pyrolysis of the pellets in a melter gasifier. Low CO 2 reactivity is desired in the operation of a melter gasifier so that the semi-coke in the fixed bed of the melter gasifier or coke in the fixed bed of a blast furnace remains stable from charging to the bed surface until reaching the immediate gasification zone in the area of the oxygen nozzles or wind forms thereby promoting the permeability of the fixed bed in relation to the gassing and the drainage of molten phases. The reduction of the CO 2 reactivity of the coke or of the coke is achieved in that the internal surface of the pores of the carbon particles in the pressed article, which originates from the impregnated subset of the carbon particles, is no longer impregnated by a binder
    2010P13729AT contains reactivity-promoting substances that can be coated. For example, the binder component molasses contains alkalis as reactivity-promoting substances. If impregnation, for example with substances containing bitumens or waxes, prevents molasses from coating the inner surface of the pores, the CO 2 reactivity is thus reduced compared to semi-coke or coke obtained by a process without impregnation step.
    A minor fraction of undersized coke is often added to the feed coal in the COREX® or FIN EX® process for the production of pig iron in a fixed bed of a melter gasifier in order to improve the permeability of the fixed bed. When using compacts according to the invention, or from such produced coke, softening of the coke or coke particles is inhibited by hot CO 2 and thus counteracts a disintegration of the particles. With a fixed bed packed from pyrolysis-derived semicarbons packed in accordance with the invention, a significantly better gas permeability and a better drainage behavior of the fixed bed are made possible than in the prior art. The improvement in the reactivity of the semi-coke therefore makes it possible to reduce or even avoid coke addition to COREX® or FINEX® feed coal
    In the field of coking technology, the quality of the coke produced therefrom is known to be improved by increasing the bulk density of the feed coal. The use of many carburets for the production of metallurgical coke is even possible by a compression of the feed coal. In addition to stamped coking plants, process variants were developed for coking plants in bulk operation, which provided for briquetting or partial briquetting of the feed coal. From today's perspective, however, briquetting with bituminous binders for economic reasons, hot briquetting or briquetting with coal tar-based binder for health reasons, and briquetting with molasses or similar binders because of the entry of undesirable substances in the coke problematic.
    The inventive method for the production of compacts makes it possible, even in the production of coke using compacts of the starting materials the
    * ♦ * ··· «» * «« * * * * ι «* • ·· * # · *» ί ::::: 2010P13729AT ..... 15
    To reduce consumption of binder or to curb the harmful effects of reactivity-promoting binder components.
    The compacts may be, for example, briquettes or slugs from a compaction.
    The compacts contain up to 97% by weight of carbon particles, and up to 15% by weight of components of a binder system, as well as, based on the weight of the material to be processed into compacts
    Carbon particles, water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substances, or solids having water-repellent properties, in an amount whose lower limit is 0.5% by weight, preferably 1% by weight, and whose upper limit is 5% by weight, preferably 3% by weight preferably 2% by weight.
    In this case, the 15% by weight / of the components of a binder system should be understood to mean that the water is not included as a component of the binder system, ie the 15% by weight / to the non-aqueous components of the binder system.
    According to one embodiment, the compact also contains iron or iron oxide-containing particles. Such particles can originate, for example, from dusts or sludges produced in the production of pig iron or steel.
    Description of embodiments
    Table 1 shows the evaluation of tests for the production of compacts with regard to the drop resistance (SF) and the puncture strength (PDF) of the pellets during a test campaign. The pellets are produced by the process according to the invention with impregnation of a subset of the carbon particles.
    According to the prior art, the compacts were prepared so that all carbon particles were impregnated with water - with the addition of 3 Gewichts0 / water over the period of one minute.
    The compacts are briquettes. »1 · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · f ·. , «· 4« · ft · ► I * * * »* ··» * * · 2010P13729AT ...... 16
    The drop strengths of green compacts and compacts according to the invention and green compacts and compacts produced according to the state of the art - each with the same starting materials using 12% by mass of molasses and under otherwise identical conditions - are of the same order of magnitude, both for green compacts and for air dried and thermally dried compacts.
    As the water-containing binder system, a system consisting of molasses 10 and quicklime was used. The molasses itself had a water content of 20
    % By mass. The following commercially available molasses was used in the binder system: sugar cane molasses from Tate & Lyle with a total sugar content of 51%.
    As quicklime in Bindemitteisystem burnt lime Weißfetnkalk the company Walhalla Kalk was used. 15 For impregnation bitumen was used as impregnating agent. As bitumen Mexphalte 55 Shell was used.
    The admixture of the impregnating agent bitumen was carried out in a Pfugscharmischer the company Lödige type FM130D, the other mixtures were prepared in a 20 batch mixer type R08 W from Eirich.
    The Koeppem kneader used for the Knetvoränge consisted of a vertical cylindrical container through which a centrally rotating shaft is guided with kneading arms. 25
    The production of the green compacts was carried out by means of a trial roller press type 52/10 from Koeppern. The selected pillow-shaped format for the green compacts had a nominal volume of 20 cm3. The task of the material to be pressed was done by means of gravitational arbiter. Of the experimental roller press, 30 casts consisting of several green compacts were produced. In these
    Associations are green compacts both in the margins of the associations as well as in the middle of the associations.
    In order to obtain individual green compacts or individual compacts for the determination of the drop resistance or the point compressive strength, the 35 bandages along the dividing seams between the individual green compacts are t ♦ «« # # « · K φ * * * · «· < +» · * ♦ ♦ «* ·« «'2010P13729AT ...... * 17 broken. As a rule, the associations break up during discharge from the trial roller press to individual green compacts.
    After the kneading operation in the kneader, the kneaded mixtures were subjected to pressing in the trial roller press as a material to be pressed to 5 to prepare green compacts.
    The resulting green compacts are still soft - which is indicated in the jargon by the word "green" - and are subjected to a cure to get to the finished compact. This curing can be carried out for example by at least 10 partial drying by storage in air and / or thermal treatment.
    After pressing, individual green compacts were examined immediately, in the jargon green, for drop resistance (SF) and puncture resistance (PDF). The results of these 15 studies are shown in the "immediate" columns for PDF and SF.
    Measurements of Stuizfestigkeit and Punktdruckfestigkeit were each after 1 h curing in air, and after 24h curing in the air neither gefholt. The results of these studies are shown in the columns containing "1h" and "24h". 20 In the fall test (based on ASTM D440) for determining the fall resistance, a 2 kg sample of green compacts or compressed by drying in air or by thermal drying pressed compacts four times through a downpipe from a height of 5 m in a collecting container whose Floor is formed in the form of a solid steel plate. The drop tube has a diameter of 200 mm 25 and the collection container has a diameter of 260 mm. The thickness of the steel plate is 12 mm. The evaluation of the fall test by sieve analysis takes place after the second and fourth fall. The values for falling strength SF in Table 1 indicate the fraction of the grain fraction> 20 mm after four falls, respectively. 30 For the determination of the dot compressive strength, a type 469 testing machine from ERICHSEN was used. In this test method individual green compacts or hardened by drying in air or by thermal drying compacts clamped between two conditions, of which the lower is coupled to a load cell and the upper is continuously tracked by spindle drive for applying 35 a creeping swelling pressure load. The lower one
    18
    2010P13729AT
    The support is formed by a round plate of 80 mm diameter and the upper one by a horizontal round iron of 10 mm diameter. The feed rate for the upper edition is 8 mm / min. The dot compressive strength PDF is recorded as the maximum load bearing of a green 5 or hardened compact prior to breakage - the entries in Table 1 indicate the average dot crush strength at break due to dot pressure loading in Newton. In each case, six green compacts or compacts from the middle region and six green compact rings or pellets from the edge region of the bandages obtained in the trial roller press were examined. From 10 data obtained in these studies, averages were calculated, with the minimum and maximum values, respectively, being disregarded. The mean values are given in Table 1.
    Table 1
    Trial PDF [N] PDF [N] PDF [N] SF SF number immediately 1h 24h immediately 1h 1 46 84 149 70 78 2 104 166 252 73 67 15
    In Experiment 1 of the prior art, a mixture was 70% by weight of Ensham coal having an average particle size d50 of 0.95 mm together with 30% by weight of Blackwater coal having a mean particle size d50 of 0.8-1.0 mm as a carbon particle to be processed into compacts used. 20
    Blackwater coal comes from BHP Billiton of Queensland, Australia. Ensham coal comes from Ensham Resources of Queensland, Australia.
    This material to be processed into compacts was processed into pellets as shown below in FIG. 1 for coal 1 25. The molasses contained in the water
    Binder system was used in an amount of 12% by weight, based on the weight of the material to be processed into compacts. The molasses used contained 20% by weight of water. The water-containing binder system was in addition to molasses still from 2.5% by weight, based on the · · 19
    2010P13729AT
    Weight of material to be processed into pellets, quicklime. Dot crush strength and crash resistance at different times are given in Table 1, first data column. 5 In experiment 2 by the process according to the invention, the same material to be processed into compacts was used. However, the Ensham coal used was impregnated with bitumen. The amount of bitumen used was 2.1% by weight, based on the weight of the material to be processed into compacts, or 3% by weight, based on the Ensham coal to be impregnated. After impregnation, the 10 impregnated Ensham coal was combined with the Blackwater coal. After combination, the processing was carried out analogously to experiment 1, but the molasses in the water-containing binder system in an amount of 8% by weight, based on the weight of the material to be processed to compacts used. The molasses used itself contained a water content of 20% by weight. In addition to molasses, the water-containing binder system also consisted of 2% by weight, based on the weight of the material to be processed into compacts, of quicklime. After the quicklime addition, in each case 2% of water, based on the weight of the material to be processed into pellets, coal particles were admixed in order to provide the quicklime with the moisture necessary for its reaction. 20
    It can be seen that compacts produced according to the invention have higher puncture pressure resistance compared to prior art compacts, while their lint resistance is comparable to the lint resistance of prior art compacts. 25
    Brief description of the drawings
    The method according to the invention is outlined below with reference to the block diagrams shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 shows a conventional process for the production of compacts without impregnation step.
    • ·
    20
    2010P13729AT
    FIG. 2 shows a method according to the invention for the production of compacts with impregnation step, wherein two types of coal are used.
    FIG. 3 shows a method according to the invention for the production of compacts having an impregnation step, wherein only one type of coal is used.
    According to FIG. 1, the coal 1 to be processed into compacts, in this case briquettes, is subjected to drying 2 and then brought to a desired grain size by granulation 3. The carbon particles thus obtained are then followed by the addition of a water-containing binder system 4, in this case molasses, optionally with the addition of solid, finely divided binder components such as hydrated lime or quicklime, with mixing 5, wherein the mixing 5 may be one or more stages. The mixture thus obtained is subjected to kneading 6 and pressing 7. The product 9 obtained after curing 8 is the briquette.
    The method according to the invention according to FIG. 2 differs from the method illustrated in FIG. 1 in that a subset A of the carbon particles 12 used to produce the compacts is subjected to an impregnation step 10 in which it is impregnated with a substance 11, the impregnating agent. After this impregnation step 10, mixing is carried out with the binder system 4 containing water and with a partial amount B of the carbon particles 13 used for producing the compacts, as well as the further processing of the resulting mixture according to FIG. 1. The coal particles used to produce the compacts are thus exposed subset A 12 and subset B 13 together. Subset A 12 and subset B 13 belong to different types of coal.
    In contrast to FIG. 2, in FIG. 3 the subsets A 12 and B 13 of the carbon particles serving to produce the compacts belong to the same type of coal. A coal 1 to be processed is subjected to drying 2 and then brought to a desired grain size by graining 3. The resulting coal particles are subjected to a sieve 14, The resulting coarse fraction is subjected as a subset A of serving for the preparation of the compacts coal particles 12 an impregnation step 10, in which it is impregnated with substance 11, the impregnating agent. After this impregnation step 10, mixing takes place with the binder system 4 containing water and with a subset B of the carbon particles 13 serving to produce the compacts, as well as the further processing of the resulting mixture according to FIG. 1. The subset * «» * 4 · ** · · * 21
    2010P13729AT B of the coal particles 13 used to produce the compacts is the fine-grained fraction obtained in the screening 14.
    After the impregnation step 10, a heat treatment 12 may be performed prior to mixing with the water containing binder system 4.
    In general, in the production of compacts according to the present invention, the addition of the water-containing binder system molasses / Branntkaik can be made to the material to be processed pellets such that molasses and quicklime are added simultaneously, or such that quicklime and molasses are added successively.
    It is preferred in the use of the impregnating agent bitumen, that at first a portion of the envisaged for the production of the pellets molasses is added, then a mixture is carried out, and then quicklime is added. After the resulting mixture has been allowed to stand, the remainder of the molasses intended for the preparation of the compacts is added. Subset and residual amount in total provide the intended for the production of the pellets molasses. The advantage of this procedure is that a kneading of quicklime in soft impregnating agent during mixing of the material to be processed to compacts with the water-containing binder system is avoided or reduced.
    By adding molasses, which itself contains water, before adding quicklime, the quicklime for its reactions can also use moisture from the molasses.
    It can be added up to half, preferably up to a third of the molasses before the quicklime. 22
    2010P13729AT
    Reference numeral list 1 Coal 5 2 Drying 3 Graining 4 Water-containing binder system 5 Mixing 6 Kneading 10 7 Pressing 8 Hardening 9 Product 10 Impregnation step 11 Substance (impregnating agent) 15 12 Subset A of for preparing the compacts 13 Subset B of the Production of the pellets 14 Screening »*« »* *« (* < »» * · * * * * 2010P13729AT 2 * 3
    List of quotations
    Patent Literature 5 W002 / 50219A1 WO9901583A1 AT005765U1
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    »· · * * # M ·» · ·. · · F μ • * * · 9 »a · i» • »4 · · i · ** * • *« < 1) A process for the production of a compact containing carbon particles, in which the carbon particles are mixed with a binder system containing water and the resulting mixture is further processed by pressing into pellets characterized in that prior to mixing with the binder system containing water a subset of the carbon particles are subjected to an impregnation step in which they are impregnated with a substance. 2) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the impregnation step of vapor deposition of the carbon particles with the substance from spraying the coal particles with the substance, by mixing the substance into a moving bed of coal particles, or by mixing the substance into a fluidized bed of carbon particles consists. 3) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance with which the carbon particles are impregnated in the impregnation step, water. 4) Method according to one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the substance with which the carbon particles are impregnated in the impregnation step, a water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance. 5) Method according to one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the substance with which the carbon particles are impregnated in the impregnation step, an aqueous solution of a substance or a mixture of substances. 6) Method according to one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the substance with which the carbon particles are impregnated in the impregnation step, an aqueous suspension of solid colloids, wherein the solid has water-repellent properties. Μ * «Η * # * # · -► •«% · t • «I *» * * »« · «*

    Method according to one of Claims 1-2, characterized in that the substance with which the carbon particles are impregnated in the impregnation step is an emulsion containing, on the one hand, water and, on the other hand, carbonaceous substances. 8) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower limit of the amount of substance added in the impregnation step is 0.3% by weight, preferably 0.5% by weight, more preferably 1% by weight, and the upper limit is 5 Gewicht0 /, preferably 3% by weight, particularly preferably 2 10% by weight, based on the weight of the material to be processed pellets to coal particles. 9) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binder system contains molasses and quicklime or hydrated lime. 15 10) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binder system contains an emulsion of bitumen in water. 11) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that also iron or iron oxide-containing particles are processed in a mixture with the coal particles. 12) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compact is subjected to a heat treatment after the pressing. 13) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the partial amount of the carbon particles which has been subjected to an impregnation step, after the impregnation step prior to mixing with the water-containing binder system are subjected to a heat treatment. 30) Pressling, containing up to 97 Gewicht0 / coal particles, and up to 15 Gewicht0 / components of a binder system, characterized in that it, based on the weight of the material to be processed pellets carbon particles, water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substances, or Solids with water-repellent properties, in an amount • ♦ ························································································. * I «» «+ · · t« *

    * 2010P13729AT whose lower limit is 0.3% by weight, preferably 0.5% by weight, more preferably 1% by weight, and whose upper limit is 5% by weight, preferably 3% by weight, particularly preferably 2% by weight. 5 15) compact according to claim 14, characterized in that the water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance belongs to the group of substances consisting of waxes, organic coking or refinery products, as well as plastics or plastic waste, and waste oil. 10 16) compact according to one of claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the compact also contains iron or iron oxide-containing particles. 17) Use of a compact according to one of claims 14 to 16 in a process for the production of pig iron in a fixed bed as a carbon carrier or 15 in a process for the production of carbon carriers for a process for pig iron production in a fixed bed. 20
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN102971403A|2013-03-13|
    AT510136B1|2016-11-15|
    RU2583432C2|2016-05-10|
    CN102971403B|2015-07-29|
    US20130160607A1|2013-06-27|
    UA110482C2|2016-01-12|
    ZA201300040B|2018-12-19|
    CA2805000A1|2012-01-19|
    WO2012007383A1|2012-01-19|
    BR112013000782A2|2016-05-24|
    RU2013105720A|2014-08-20|
    KR20130043187A|2013-04-29|
    KR101946343B1|2019-02-11|
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    法律状态:
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